End Notes: The Folly of Baron De Graffenried, Part 1

Dear Reader,

I humbly ask your patience – I am well aware that no self-respecting end notes are formatted like this. Alas, this is a free project, and this is all that time will allow. Perhaps in the future I’ll be able to put some time into proper formatting, but for now rest assured that I’m not making stuff up, and I’m happy to cite my sources.  


formerly called Chatoka: Von Graffenried’s Account of the Founding of New Bern, edited and introduced by Vincent H. Todd, 34 – retrieved 7/24

in the shape of a cross

church at each corner: Todd, 63 – retrieved 7/24

market days once a week, and a fair once a year: Ibid., 63

as long as disputes: Ibid., 68

January of 1710: Ibid., 225

Lawson to do the work: Ibid., 225

250 acre lots: Retrieved 7/24

800 settlers: Retrieved 3/31/25

where sickness, despair: Todd, 226 – retrieved 7/24

Half of the Palatines died: Ibid., 225

within sight of Virginia’s coastline: Ibid., 225

To feed themselves: Retrieved 3/30/25

cast bitter blame on Lawson: Todd, 226 – retrieved 7/24

dutiful, stodgy, even stingy: History of the De Graffenried Family from 1191 A.D. to 1925 by Thomas P. De Graffenried 59-60

itch to travel: Ibid., 59-60

Anton’s own father, Christopher: Ibid., 56

failed engagement: Ibid., 61

prospective bride’s father: Ibid., 61

one condition: Ibid., 62

a favorite of the ladies: Ibid., 62

after surviving a duel: Ibid., 63

spoke four languages: Ibid., 63

no English: Todd, 28 – retrieved 7/24

accompany a family connection: De Graffenried, Thomas P., 63

10 ducats: Todd, 28 – retrieved 7/24

German porter: Ibid., 28

few well-placed introductions: Ibid., 28

lasting impression at court: Ibid., 223

dancing, singing, and instruments: De Graffenried, Thomas P., 65

make a match for himself: Todd, 29 – retrieved 7/24

a scolding from both his father and grandfather: De Graffenried, Thomas P., 68

Regina Tscharner: Ibid., 69

assumed that Christoph’s grandfather: Ibid., 70

became bailiff: Todd, 28-29 – retrieved 7/24

unlucky speculations: De Graffenried, Thomas P., 71

did not wish to flay the peasants.”: Todd, 223 – retrieved 7/24

In 1708: Ibid., 33

without telling his friends: Ibid., 33

Franz Louis Michel: Ibid., 33

101 thalers: LaVere, David. The Tuscarora War. Chapel Hill, The University of North Carolina Press, 2013., 25

some of the “poor Palatines”

about 10,000 people: Todd, 224 – retrieved 7/24

England initially welcomed: Retrieved 3/30/25

650 refugees: Retrieved 3/30/25

4,000 pounds: Todd, 224 – retrieved 7/24

“tried to choose for this project: Ibid., 224

13 weeks: Ibid., 225

religious freedom it promised: Retrieved 9/22/20

promised five year’s shelter from their creditors: Retrieved 9/22/20

a Moravian pastor: Quoted in Iron, Charles F. “Evangelical Geographies of North Carolina.” New Voyages to Carolina: Reinterpreting North Carolina History. Ed. Larry Tise and Jeffrey Crow. Chapel Hill, The University of North Carolina Press, 2017. p.149

maintain neutrality: Todd, 230 – retrieved 7/24

impossible to keep the commitments: Ibid., 227

built their first homes: Ibid., 288

Hans Ruegsegger: Ibid., 306-7

Samuel Gabley: Ibid., 308

Christen Janzen: Ibid., 318

Anna Zant: Ibid., 310-11

birds fell from the sky and fire could only burn indoors: Retrieved 3/31/25

fewer wild fruit trees: Todd, 318 – retrieved 7/24

fleeting glimpses of alligators: Ibid., 312

countless fragrant trees: Ibid., 317

fish: Ibid., 285

deer, turkeys, and fields: Ibid., 312

“This country is praised: Ibid., 312

wrote a letter: Ibid., 282

“Now it is a question: Ibid., 286

An informal end note: For some reason, De Graffenried is popularly referred to as Von Graffenried – but writer David LaVerre rightly points out that he only referred to himself as De Graffenried. I’m following LaVerre’s lead in calling him by his preferred name.

Megan Dohm